To talk about an uneven skin tone is to acknowledge that it takes different forms for different people. For some, it may refer to acne scars or dry, scaly patches. Then there are others that chalk up comedones and fine lines as texture. No matter the root cause, the general consensus seems to be that a rough, bumpy complexion constitutes textured skin. This, however, raises the question: rather than reach for a formidable retinol or an AHA/BHA elixir, should we be seeking out solutions that are specific to the kind of texture that you’re dealing with?
Dr Sylvia Ramirez, medical and scientific director of Cutis Medical Laser Clinics, certainly thinks so. “Addressing uneven skin texture involves a comprehensive approach, including a consistent skincare routine tailored to one’s skin type, protective measures against environmental stressors, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle,” she states. “It is a common concern, with various intrinsic and extrinsic factors leading to this condition.”
This includes hormonal changes, increased sun exposure, and even genetics, if you can believe it. And that’s just the tip of the iceberg. Below, a deep dive of the aforementioned causes—and solutions—to textured skin as advised by a medical professional.
What are some of the typical causes behind uneven skin texture?
Everything from ageing to genetics can cause complexion unevenness. “As we age, the production of collagen and elastin—proteins essential for smooth, firm skin—decreases. This leads to the skin losing its elasticity and structure, resulting in a rougher texture,” asserts Dr Ramirez. “The natural exfoliation process slows down with age too. I also remind my clients that genetic predispositions can influence skin type and texture as well. For example, some individuals naturally produce more oil or have larger pores, which can contribute to an uneven skin surface.”
Dr Ramirez also points out that hormonal changes during puberty, pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause can impact skin texture as well by altering sebum production and affecting the skin’s moisture balance. Prolonged exposure to the sun, environmental pollutants, as well as a diet lacking in nutrition and hydration are key causes as well.
How can an individual correctly identify the reason behind their uneven skin tone?
While it is likely that textured skin is borne from a combination of factors, a careful assessment of one’s lifestyle and visage should provide the answers needed. “Beyond evaluating and assessing your age, skin history, and hormonal influences, I also always recommend patients review their skincare routine,” Dr Ramirez points out. “Over-exfoliation can cause irritation and roughness, while using unsuitable products can disrupt the skin’s balance. There are also specific signs that suggest particular causes. For instance, fine lines and sagging predominantly indicates ageing and sun damage. Sunspots suggest extended sun exposure without adequate protection. Dry patches indicate dehydration, over-exfoliation, or chronic conditions like eczema. Bumpiness on the arms and thighs can likely be attributed to keratosis pilaris, while redness suggests chronic inflammatory conditions like eczema or psoriasis. Not forgetting acne scars and pitting, which typically result from past or present acne issues.
What are some of the best solutions for dry patches?
It might sound like a no-brainer, but hydration truly is key. Dr Ramirez recommends a two-pronged approach: a gentle exfoliator used in tandem with a potent moisturiser. “Look for products with hyaluronic acid, glycerin, and ceramides,” she instructs. “These ingredients help to attract and retain moisture in the skin, improving hydration and reducing flakiness. For your exfoliant, utilise products with lactic acid or glycolic acid.”
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As for professional treatments, microdermabrasion is a good bet, seeing how it is suitable for mild textural issues and is also a non-invasive procedure. “There are many forms of microdermabrasion, but it commonly employs a diamond- tipped wand or fine crystals to exfoliate the outer layer of skin, thus promoting cell turnover,” Dr Ramirez elucidates.
Is there an ideal way to deal with acne scars and pitting?
“Product-wise, you need to look at retinol and retinoids. These vitamin A derivatives help to increase cell turnover, reduce acne breakouts, and promote collagen production, which can improve the appearance of acne scars,” claims Dr Ramirez. “There’s salicylic acid, as well, that penetrates pores to exfoliate and clear out excess oil and dead skin cells. Niacinamide helps to lighten hyperpigmentation from acne scars too.”
Dr Ramirez is also an advocate for chemical peels, laser resurfacing, and microneedling for acne scars. “It really depends on the severity of your scarring, so I recommend you get professional input before embarking on any of these procedures,” she warns. “All three procedures work for textured skin as they help stimulate cell turnover and collagen production—the difference lies in the method and technique. Laser resurfacing employs concentrated light beams, for one, while microneedling uses fine needles instead.”
How can one reverse the skin damage caused by the sun and photoageing?
Antioxidant serums, a chemical exfoliant, and a high-powered SPF should do the trick. “Products with alpha hydroxy acids like glycolic acid or lactic acid help exfoliate the skin and reduce the appearance of dark spots. Ingredients like hydroquinone, kojic acid, azelaic acid, and vitamin C work amazingly to lighten hyperpigmentation as well,” Dr Ramirez assures.
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When should you opt for professional procedures over at-home solutions?
It really depends, though Dr Ramirez believes that a lack of improvement over several months is enough of a reason to seek an expert opinion. “Consulting with a doctor ensures that you receive the most effective and safe treatment plan tailored to your specific skin concerns,” she affirms. “This is especially true if you have underlying medical conditions like severe acne, eczema, rosacea, or psoriasis contributing to the uneven texture. In such cases, it’s crucial to seek medical treatment. These conditions often require prescription medications or specific professional treatments to manage effectively.”
